The previous occasion was in 2006 with the two Gasol brothers, Marc and older sibling Pau, on the team. Pau did not feature in China because of injury. The latest triumph was particularly sweet for the 34-year-old centre Gasol, who three months ago also played a key part in the Toronto Raptors' run to the NBA title.
Gasol, who had 14 points, seven rebounds and seven assists, joins Lamar Odom, a double winner in 2010 with the United States and Los Angeles Lakers.
"What can I say? How does it sound to you?" Gasol told reporters of his personal feat. "I feel very fortunate to be in this position, to play this game and help these guys.
"All of the things you sacrifice, it's worth it... what a year, what an amazing year." Surprise finalists Argentina had not triumphed since they hosted the inaugural World Cup in 1950. As a contest, the final was over by the fourth quarter - although the Argentines did rally to reduce Spain's previously mighty lead for a time. Fans of both teams had made it feel more like a football match, decked out in their national colours, chanting loudly and refusing to sit down.
Several of the Spain players had tears in their eyes as they collected the trophy. With 32 teams, this was the biggest-ever Basketball World Cup.
The next one will be in 2023 in Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines.