The rebel National Transitional Council (NTC) is trying to assert its authority and restore order in Tripoli but its top officials have yet to move there from Benghazi in the east.
The coastal highway to Tripoli is cut by pro-Qadhafi forces holding Sirte, the deposed leader's birthplace, 450 km (300 miles) east of the capital. They are defying rebels who had hoped Sirte would surrender swiftly after the fall of Tripoli. "There is intensive consultation and negotiation with the community leaders of Sirte," NTC spokesman Mahmoud Shammam said in Tripoli.
"We can take it militarily, but we want to take it peacefully." He said rebels controlled the border post of Ras Jdir on the coast road between Tripoli and Tunisia after capturing it on Friday, but were still fighting around the town of Zawara, about 160 km west of the capital.
"The Qadhafi brigades are shelling the road, but we hope to be able to control it today," he said. Qadhafi's own whereabouts remain unknown - rebels hunting him say the war will not end until the 69-year-old colonel who kept Libya in his grip for 42 years is captured or killed. A convoy of six Mercedes cars crossed from Libya into Algeria on Friday, Egypt's state MENA news agency reported, quoting a rebel source. It was impossible to verify the report, but MENA quoted the source as speculating senior Libyan officials or Qadhafi himself and his sons may have fled Libya.
The NTC and the Western powers that backed rebel forces with a five-month bombing campaign are acutely aware of the need to prevent Libya collapsing into the kind of chaos that plagued Iraq for years after the US-led invasion of 2003. Life remains far from normal in Tripoli, whose two million people are grappling with a breakdown in basic services, even as many of them celebrate the overthrow of a hated leader.
"There are widespread shortages of fuel, food and medical supplies, particularly in the Nafusa Mountains and Tripoli," UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said in New York, citing reports the water supply to Tripoli and its environs may be in danger, putting three million people or more at risk.
Britain promised 3 million pounds ($4.9 million) in urgent aid to the International Committee of the Red Cross to help it treat up to 5,000 war-wounded, provide food for nearly 690,000 people forced to flee their homes and reunite divided families.
The shortages in Tripoli have worsened, even though NTC chairman Mustafa Abdel Jalil said on Thursday his forces had discovered huge stockpiles of food and medicine in the capital that would eliminate any shortfalls. Shammam, the NTC spokesman, said the council wanted staff at the National Oil Corporation, Libya's de facto energy ministry, to return to work, especially to tackle shortages of petrol, fuel oil and natural gas. "A diesel cargo will arrive here. A cargo for cooking gas will be available within two days," he said. "A meeting was held at Zawiyah refinery to discuss ways to supply western Libya with gas and restart the refinery."
MOUNTAINS OF RUBBISH Stinking garbage was piled high in the streets. In some districts, people set it on fire to stave off disease. Electricity supplies were sporadic and running water was scarce. Residents carried empty containers to mosques, which often have wells in their courtyards, hoping to fill up. Outside one mosque, a sign read: "No water left." In Abu Salim, bullet casings, some from large-calibre weapons, littered a square. About 50 charred cars dotted the neighbourhood, some tipped over with their doors hanging open.