Text messages, as well as Internet access and international phone calls, were cut after 197 people died in riots by Uighurs, a Muslim, Turkic-speaking people native to the region, on July 5, followed by Han Chinese revenge attacks two days later.
Messaging services were restored in the early hours of Sunday morning, residents said, and was announced by China's Xinhua news agency on Sunday evening.
"Hello, uncle. In Xinjiang we can send text messages now. I hope you are well," read a message sent by one Urumqi resident, Sun Yu, to his relative in Beijing.
Internet access to a limited number of government-run websites was restored a few weeks ago. The cut in communications has frustrated residents who were unable to get news, shop, send emails or apply for jobs online.
The communications cut was designed to prevent mobs from organising, and possibly also to prevent gory photos of the July dead from inflaming ethnic tensions in the tense city.