The new phones will use high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) technology that allows subscribers to use multimedia services such as Internet access and video sharing at higher speed and lower costs, Samsung said in a statement.
"Samsung is currently developing the first commercially available HSDPA phone to be launched exclusively for Vodafone," the South Korean firm said.
To manufacture the phones, Samsung will buy Mobile Station Modem from US wireless technology company Qualcomm.
Samsung did not provide financial details of the deal.
HSDPA is a next-step technology developed for use over networks based on WCDMA, the world's most popular third-generation (3G) mobile standard.
It effectively turbocharges WCDMA networks, transferring data several times faster than existing capabilities, providing a critical boost for lucrative but data-intensive services such as music downloads and video streaming.
Samsung is a major mobile phone provider for UK-based Vodafone. Samsung is currently discussing selling mobile phones to Vodafone K.K., the Japanese unit of Vodafone Group.
Shares in Samsung ended 0.15 percent lower at 661,000 won on Wednesday, compared with the wider market's 0.39 percent fall.