A team spokesman told reporters the Jamaican left-hander must keep the finger immobilised for 10 days and would not be available until the second test in Hobart which begins on November 17.
Queensland were bowled out for 323 on the first day of the match. Leg spinner Ryan LeLoux top-scored with 63 and combined with Mitchell Johnson (23) and Michael Kasprowicz (26 not out) to add 108 for the last two wickets after the home side had slumped to 215 for eight.
Daren Powell took four for 58 for West Indies, who were 13 without loss at stumps with Chris Gayle on three and Devon Smith on eight.